Quantum Data Centers And Their Role In The Quantum Internet Ecosystem – Data center cybersecurity managers have been warned for years that quantum computing will be implemented and break all encryption.

With quantum computing now on the verge of becoming a real and early version of this next generation of computers available to the public and governments, the time to act is now.

Quantum Data Centers And Their Role In The Quantum Internet Ecosystem

Fortunately, there are steps data centers can take, including evaluating new quantum-ready encryption algorithms and talking to vendors about their post-quantum encryption plans.

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If you think of a classical computer as a table with stacks of coins, heads and tails, ones and zeros, a quantum computer happens when you toss all the coins into the air at the same time and watch them spin.

It turns out that quantum computers are good at doing certain kinds of calculations, such as generating large numbers. Coincidentally, the difficulty of proving large numbers is one of the cornerstones of Internet encryption.

There are several companies currently producing quantum computers, including IBM, Google, Fujitsu, HPE, IonQ, Rigetti, Xanadu, and D-Wave, but the real-world benefits have yet to be realized.

Quantum Data Centre

“Several vendors are experimenting, but most companies haven’t built quantum computers that show advantages over classical computers,” Gartner analyst Alan Priestly told Data Center Insights.

Instead, we’ve mostly seen proof-of-concepts and research projects of what quantum computers can do. When they have enough qubits, and those qubits are tight enough, the error rate drops.

It could be ten or twenty years into the future, depending on how big a profit someone makes at a quantum computing company, and data center managers have nothing to worry about yet.

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“At some point in the next five years, we’ll probably hit quantum,” said Forrester analyst Brian Hopkins. “But people who don’t invest in suppliers say it’s going to be 10 to 20 years before we get anything worthwhile.”

What about the possibility of quantum computers breaking current encryption? Data center cybersecurity managers “need to be aware of this and take appropriate care, but not at a deep level.” “That would require adding 10 million qubits on the Universal Gateway model computer. “Today, the best number of qubits we have is less than 200.”

Yes, malicious actors collect data in hopes of breaking encryption at some point in the future.

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“But given how quickly things are changing, I don’t know how valuable that data will still be in ten years,” he said. “If there’s data you’re sending over wires that you think will still be useful or harmful 10 to 15 years from now if you decrypt it, you have to figure out how to encrypt it — or don’t send it at all. But that’s up to you. Does the average business care? “.

In fact, before many data centers start worrying about quantum computing, there are many other things we need to worry about, according to SANS Institute fellow and cybersecurity expert Eric Cole, who is also an advisory board member at Theon Technology and CEO of Secure Anchor Consulting. and is the author of several books on cyber security.

“Today, many data center administrators still have unencrypted data,” he said. “They still use a single key for all their records in the database, and the keys are still stored in plaintext with encrypted data. Don’t be alarmed by the fact that this is something to be aware of, or even likely to happen. “For the foreseeable future.”

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People have been talking about quantum computing for 25 years and it hasn’t happened yet, he said.

“The real irony is that companies are worried about Quantum releasing all their data, but the reality is that their data is basically public because they don’t protect the keys,” he said. “This encrypted data is easy and simple to open based on all major breaches.”

Instead of worrying about quantum threats, data center managers should focus on fundamentals such as solving their most pressing management problems.

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Given today’s pace of development and the fact that quantum computing resources are now available to anyone via the cloud, some expect state-by-state attackers and other heavyweights to use the technology within the next two to five years.

According to Skip Sanzeri, co-founder and COO of QuSecure, a company focused on quantum secure cryptography, it only takes 4099 qubits to break the popular RSA-2048 encryption algorithm.

“You have Google, Righetti and others working on quantum computing, and you’re talking about having 1,000 qubits by 2024,” he told Data Center Knowledge.

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It’s using what’s called Shor’s Algorithm, using the only possible encryption method. There may be other algorithms yet to be invented that would require fewer qubits to perform the same task, he said.

At the same time, progress has been made in connecting several other quantum computers to create large virtual quantum computers.

“In China, they now take quantum computers and wrap them around,” Sanzeri said. “Now you need ten 400-cubic-inch computers to pack.”

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“Look at the bank details,” he said. “How often do you change your bank account number? Not often. Or your Social Security number. Health information lasts 75 years, according to HIPAA. Government secrets, nuclear, military — these things have at least 50 years to protect. They.”

One place to start is the NIST standard, which released four post-quantum encryption algorithms this summer.

In fact, one of them was released in the same month by several researchers with a single-core processor with an Intel processor.

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This means that encryption can be replaced as needed, including re-encrypting old stored data when old algorithms become obsolete.

But they don’t have to do everything themselves. Data center managers also need to talk to vendors. All companies that include cryptography in hardware, software, or services should have plans to upgrade to quantum-secure algorithms.

“Data center managers need to ask their technology providers exactly what they are doing to be quantum ready or quantum secure,” said Rik Turner, principal analyst for emerging technologies at Omdia.

The Future Of Quantum Computing

“They may also want to consider actions such as partitioning encrypted data for storage in different locations, or even using different encryption algorithms for different partitions, to make it more difficult and expensive for attackers to steal and encrypt all the bits and pieces.” One more time on the way,” he said. “This is one way to solve the pre-quantum recycling problem, and it should help reduce the problem even if it doesn’t solve the problem completely.

He also said that while hardware security modules can help, data centers may consider diversifying HSMs and using different keys in different locations to make attacks more complex and costly. A quantum data center… sounds really good, but in reality it’s far from it. It’s more complicated than plugging an ethereal chord into a cryo-freezer.

Deep has been published in Tech, Economics, and Venture Capital. · 5 min read · October 5, 2021

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How you receive classical data, translate it into quantum instructions, send those instructions to the QPU, get back the quantum information in less than a microsecond, translate it back to classical information, display it to the user, and basically do it. No margin of error? (If that sounds really hard, it is.)

The process of converting classical data into quantum data is one of the most neglected, if not the most important, parts of quantum computing. By negligible I mean something that investors don’t care much about. Of course, the quality of the qubit is incredibly important, as is the quantum processing unit, but not focusing on the control hardware that controls the qubit is like focusing on the engine and skipping the transmission of the car.

To build the world’s first quantum data center, we first need to analyze why the control system is a critical component.

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Look at the picture above… the red box has a quantum processor, QPU for short. In the yellow box you have the classic modules. This lattice is the QPU’s control system and is in many ways as important as the QPU itself. The monotonicity of this system transforms classical data into quantum data. If not, plug your Quantum computer into an Ethernet port.

I wrote an article a few weeks ago talking about how noise and the quality of qubits affect the performance of quantum computing. One way to deal with a lot of noise is actually through this control system.

To further reduce the instability of magnetic fields, external disturbances, laser noise, etc., we need to develop new ASICs suitable for sending and receiving quantum information with more efficient and new control algorithms.

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